Favorite flower: Aquilegia or Columbine

 By Linda Grimwade

We have these interesting hybrids in a variety of colors in all our flowerbeds, but have not tried eating them.

Information from Wikipedia:

The genus name Aquilegia is derived from the Latin word for eagle (aquila), because the shape of the flower petals, which are said to resemble an eagle's claw.
"Columbine" is derived from the Latin word for pigeon (columba). Another old-fashioned name for this cottage garden plant is "Granny's Bonnet" as the shape of the bloom resembles the mob caps old women used to wear.


They are used as food plants by some Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) caterpillars. These are mainly of noctuid moths – noted for feeding on many poisonous plants without harm – like Cabbage Moth (Mamestra brassicae), Dot Moth (Melanchra persicariae) and Mouse Moth (Amphipyra tragopoginis). The Engrailed (Ectropis crepuscularia), a geometer moth, also uses columbine as larval foodplant.
Several species are grown in gardens, including the European Columbine (A. vulgaris), a traditional garden flower in many parts of the world. Numerous cultivars and hybrids have also been developed as well.

They are easy to propagate from seed.
Columbine is a perennial, which propagates by seed. It will grow to a height of 15 to 20 inches. It will grow in full sun, however, prefers growing in partial shade and well drained soil, and is able to tolerate average soils and dry soil conditions. Columbine is rated hardiness of Zone 3 so does not require mulching or protection in the winter.
Large numbers of hybrids are now available for the garden, since the British A vulgaris was joined by other European and N American varieties.  Aquilegia species are very interfertile, and will self sow.

Succession Planting

Submitted by Megan Bucknum and Michele Sokoloff

Succession Planting

Keeping the Good Times Rolling In the Garden

It’s July and it’s time to plant .  .  . again .  .  .  some more.

You’ve planted your garden and perhaps, maybe, are focusing on weeding, watering and harvesting. Crop and garden planning can wait until next winter, right?  Well there’s a window of opportunity happening for you right now!

It’s called “Succession Planting.” All you do is follow one crop with another. It’s a great way to maximize your garden’s yield. What can you plant right now so you can harvest in the Fall? Succession planting and planning is the way to go. Even just a couple or a few additions to your garden will make you feel over-the-top satisfied. If you are a gardener with limited space, you will select the vegetables you really like for your Fall picking pleasure. Here are some tips on keeping your crops coming:

1.  Make a wish list of the foods you want to grow within the season. Do a quick check about each plant’s needs and preferences.  This information can easily be found online or on the back of the seed packets; when to plant, days until full growth, space and light needs and weather tolerance.  

2. Take into consideration the time it takes for each crop to come to maturity.  Vegetables with shorter maturation time can even be planted multiple times.

3. Use a “succession planting chart” for a handy reference. It can be valuable for deciding which crops will do well together and when to plant them.

4. It is actually quite helpful to make a diagram of your garden space for each season; spring, summer, fall and winter.  Keep these diagrams on file throughout the years. You might even go back and check the pros and cons of certain plants, if you bother to write a note or two. This can help you deal with nasty pests as well.

Get on out there and do some succession planting. Early evening or early morning are the best times. You’ll be glad you did!

 Below are some great succession planting resources:

LAST PLANTING:  EARLY TO MID-JULY

Crop	Planting Notes
Bush Beans	many varieties are ready in 50–60 days and can be planted until mid-July; late plantings avoid the ravages of the Mexican Bean Beetle
Broccoli	direct seed into a well-prepared nursery bed, and then transplant throughout the garden when seedlings are 4–6 weeks old
Cabbage	same as broccoli; however, varieties over 90 days to maturity may not reach full maturity if planted in July
Chinese Cabbage	same as broccoli
Cauliflower	same as broccoli
Corn	plant only varieties such as Hookers or Triple Play that mature in 60–70 days.
Cucumber	the longest maturing varieties require 75 days
Chicory	eaves can be harvested in 60–70 days, or roots can be harvested in 100 or more days
Okra	loves the heat, and matures quickly
Leeks	from transplants
Radicchio	same as chicory
Rutabaga	a cold-hardy root that requires a fairly long, cool season for best results
Summer Squash	great for quickly filling in empty spots in a mid-summer garden

LAST PLANTING:  LATE JULY-EARLY AUGUST

Crop	Planting Notes
Carrot	varieties requiring 80–100 days to reach full maturity, eg. Kurota Chantenay, Japanese Imperial Long, Scarlet Keeper, and St. Valery, may not reach full size if planted at this time
Chard	can be planted even later but yields will decline
Collard	same as broccoli above
Kale	same as broccoli
Pea	a narrow planting window of opportunity for producing a fall crop

LAST PLANTING:  MID-LATE AUGUST

Crop	Planting Notes
Beet	if grown with protection such as a cloche or hoop house, can be planted well into the fall season
Broccoli Raab	same as broccoli above
Endive	wait until the end of August as soil temperatures begin cooling, and keep soil moist for best germination results
Lettuce	plant every three weeks throughout the summer for continual harvests; can be planted in September but yields decline significantly
Mustard	sow in nursery bed and then transplant throughout the garden
Spinach	planting at this time produces tasty greens in October
Turnip	all roots are extra sweet

LAST PLANTING:  EARLY-MID SEPTEMBER

Crop	Planting Notes
Arugula	versatile, quick green that will re-seed and emerge early the following spring
Cress	rapid-growing green that can be planted throughout the winter if grown under cloches or a hoop house
Onion	in climates with minimum winter temperatures above 10º F (Zone 8 and warmer), short–mid day length-adapted varieties such as Riverside andValenciacan be planted throughout the southern U.S; long day length-adapted varieties such as Siskiyou Sweet can be planted in western Oregon and Washington
Radish	quick-growing roots have milder flavor in cool soils
Spinach	planting at this time produces small plants in the fall that go dormant during the winter and resume growing in early spring; harvest begins in late March, ensuring continual production throughout the spring

This chart is courtesy of Seeds of Change - www.seedsofchange.com

Other Fabulous Resources:

1. “Succession Planting:  Keep it Coming” by Organic Gardening
2. “Succession Planting (or ‘Don’t Stop Now’)” by Seeds of Change
3. “Succession Planting Guide” by Johnny’s Selected Seeds
4. “Succession Planting:  Lettuce, Carrots and More” by Mother Earth News
5. “Succession Planting.” Notes from the Vegetable Garden.  Penn State Master Gardeners in Cumberland and Perry Counties.
6. “Succession Planting” by Veggie Gardener
7. GrowVeg.com (Online Garden Planner)
8. Philadelphia Master Gardener’s Horticulture HortLine is free and a live person will be there to respond back to any gardening question you may have!

1. (215) 471-2200 x 116
2. PhiladelphiaExt@psu.edu, with “Hortline” in the subject line

Monet in the Bronx

Claude Monet's Bridge Over a Pond of Water Lilies

Sandy Grimwade

Some of the most famous and beloved paintings of gardens are by artist Claude Monet. As well as being a great painter he designed a wonderful garden at Giverny, about 50 miles from Paris. He particularly loved water lilies and he bought some of the first hybrid water lilies for his ponds at Giverny, where he painted massive Impressionist paintings of his water gardens.

This year, the New York Botanic Garden in the Bronx is featuring a special exhibition recreating some aspects of Monet’s garden, with a long, beautifully chaotic flower border, a recreation of his famous green bridge and two huge ponds of water lilies, lotus and other aquatic plants. There are even direct descendents of the original lily hybrids from Monet's garden.

The New York Botanic Garden is worth a visit at any time, and this exhibition adds extra interest for anyone interested in water gardens, water lilies and Impressionist painting.

The "Monet Bridge" in the New York Botanic Garden

New IPM summer newsletter/Ticks and Yellow Jackets

The new IPM summer newsletter talks about ticks and yellow jackets. Link to newsletter

What to do with that bean harvest....Dilly Beans

Big Time Bean Harvest??

If you're searching for ways to prepare your string beans, here's what I consider THE BEST recipe for large quantities of beans. It requires a water bath canning process. If you are new to canning or have questions, feel free to contact me. I have been canning for almost 50 years and have plenty of experience and information that I can share with you.

Dilly Beans
2 pounds trimmed green beans
1/4 cup kosher salt
4 heads dill
4 cloves garlic
1 teaspoon cayenne pepper
2 1/2 cups vinegar
2 1/2 cups distilled water

Pack beans, lengthwise, into hot, sterilized jars, leaving 1/4 inch headspace. To each pint jar, add 1/4 teaspoon cayenne pepper, 1 clove of garlic and 1 head of dill. Combine remaining ingredients into large non-reactive pot and bring to a boil. Pour boiling, hot liquid over beans leaving 1/4 inch head space. Remove air bubbles with plastic knife. Adjust caps. Process pints for 10 minutes in boiling water bath. Yield: about 4 pints.

Enjoy!
Lois Fischer

Uncommon crops.......Cardoon

In a previous entry on May 4th the cardoon plant was photographed in the demonstration garden.

The photos here are from June 9th with the artichoke like spike (cynara cardunculus) beginning to bloom

To find recipe's for the cardoon you must go to the Italian chefs as the cardoon is one of the well loved vegetables of the Italians. Preparation of this vegetable seems complicated but once investigated simple.

Below are a few sites that speak about the cardoon and cooking preparations. 

http://recipes.wikia.com/wiki/Cardoons

http://www.seriouseats.com/recipes/2010/02/seriously-italian-baked-cardoons-cardi-gratinati-recipe.html

http://www.ciaoitalia.com/seasons/20/2018/fried-cardoons